External References
===================

.. [asnoio] asnoio - Asynchronous and Non-blocking IO;
   Arno-Can Uestuensoez `@Ingenieurbuero Arno-Can Uestuensoez <https://arnocan.wordpress.com>`_;
   2017;
   `PyPI <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/asnoio/>`_;
   `GitHub <https://github.com/ArnoCan/asnoio/>`_;
   `docs @pythonhosted.org/asnoio <https://pythonhosted.org/asnoio/>`_

.. [CIFS] Common Internet File System @ `<https://technet.microsoft.com>`_;
   `Common Internet File System <https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc939973.aspx>`_

.. [codecsStandard] lib/codecs;
   `Python2  - codecs - 7.8.3. Standard Encodings <https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/codecs.html>`_,
   `Python3 - codecs - 7.2.3. Standard Encodings <https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/codecs.html>`_

.. [CYGWIN] Cygwin;
   `cygwin.org <https://www.cygwin.org>`_

.. [epyunit] epyunit;
   Arno-Can Uestuensoez `@Ingenieurbuero Arno-Can Uestuensoez <https://arnocan.wordpress.com>`_;
   2017;
   `PyPI <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/epyunit/>`_;
   `GitHub <https://github.com/ArnoCan/epyunit/>`_;
   `docs @pythonhosted.org/epyunit <https://pythonhosted.org/epyunit/>`_

.. [FAT] FAT Technical Reference;
   `FAT@technet <https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc758586(v=ws.10).aspx>`_

.. [HTML5] HTML5 - current(2);
   `HTML5@W3C <https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/single-page.html>`_

.. [HTML5URL] HTML5 - URL;
   `HTML5-URL@W3C <https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/infrastructure.html#infrastructure-urls>`_

.. [IEEE] IEEE - Advancing Technology for Humanity;
   `IEEE.org <https://www.ieee.org>`_;

.. [IEEE1003] IEEE Std 1003.1(TM), 2013 Edition @ `<http://www.opengroup.org>`_;
   `IEEE Std 1003.1 <http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/>`_

.. [IEEE1003C412] IEEE Std 1003.1(TM), 2013 Edition; Chapter 4.12 @ `<http://www.opengroup.org>`_;
   `IEEE Std 1003.1 - Chapter 4.12 <http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap04.html>`_

.. [IETF] IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force;
   `IETF <https://www.ietf.org>`_;

.. [iobricks] iobricks - A Modular, Switchable, and Routable Abstract IO-Stream Layer;
   Arno-Can Uestuensoez `@Ingenieurbuero Arno-Can Uestuensoez <https://arnocan.wordpress.com>`_;
   2017;
   `PyPI <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/iobricks/>`_;
   `GitHub <https://github.com/ArnoCan/iobricks/>`_;
   `docs @pythonhosted.org/iobricks <https://pythonhosted.org/iobricks/>`_

.. [IRIURI] An IRI/URI Namespace for International Object Identifiers (OIDs) draft-larmouth-oid-iri-04;
   `IRI/URI OID@IETF <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-larmouth-oid-iri/>`_

.. [ISSUE26329] Python - Issue 26329: os.path.normpath("//") returns //;
   `issue26329 <http://bugs.python.org/issue26329>`_;

.. [ISSUE32078] Python - Issue 32078: string result of str(bytes()) in Python3;
   `issue32078 <http://bugs.python.org/issue32078>`_;

.. [MS-CIFS] Common Internet File System (CIFS) Protocol; Microsoft Inc.;
   `CIFS@Microsoft <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee441901.aspx>`_

.. [MS-DTYP] Windows Data Types - Chap. 2.2.57 UNC; Microsoft Inc.;
   `UNC@Microsoft <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc230273.aspx>`_

.. [MS-FSCC] File System Control Codes;
   `MS-FSCC@Microsoft <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc231987.aspx>`_

.. [MS-SMB] Server Message Block (SMB) Protocol; Microsoft Inc.;
   `SMB@Microsoft <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc246231.aspx>`_

.. [MS-SMB2] [MS-SMB2]: Server Message Block (SMB) Protocol Versions 2 and 3; Microsoft Inc.;
   `SMB@Microsoft <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc246482.aspx>`_

.. [MSDN] Technical Documents;
   `Technical Documents@Microsoft <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj712081.aspx>`_

.. [MSOSPEC] Open Specifications;
   `Open Specifications@Microsoft <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd208104.aspx>`_

.. [macpath] legacy lib/macpath - *macpath()* variants;
   `Python2 macpath <https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/macpath.html#module-macpath>`_,
   `Python3 macpath <https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/macpath.html#module-macpath>`_

.. [multiconf] multiconf - Parser and Compiler for multiple configuration formats;
   Arno-Can Uestuensoez `@Ingenieurbuero Arno-Can Uestuensoez <https://arnocan.wordpress.com>`_;
   2018;
   `PyPI <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/multiconf/>`_;
   `GitHub <https://github.com/ArnoCan/multiconf/>`_;
   `docs @pythonhosted.org/multiconf <https://pythonhosted.org/multiconf/>`_

.. [normpath] lib/os.path - *os.path.normpath()*;
   `Python2 normpath <https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/os.path.html#os.path.normpath>`_,
   `Python3 normpath <https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/os.path.html#os.path.normpath>`_

.. [NTFS] NTFS Technical Reference;
   `NTFS@technet <https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc778410(v=ws.10).aspx>`_

.. [ntpath] lib/ntpath - *ntpath;
   `Python2 ntpath <https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/ntpath.html#>`_,
   `Python3 ntpath <https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/ntpath.html#>`_

.. [os] lib/os;
   `Python2 os <https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/os.html>`_,
   `Python3 os <https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/os.html>`_

.. [os.path] lib/os.path - *os.path.normpath()* variants;
   `Python2 os.path <https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/os.path.html#module-os.path>`_,
   `Python3 os.path <https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/os.path.html#module-os.path>`_

.. [path] Path (computing);
   `Path@Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_(computing)>`_

.. [pathlib] lib/pathlib - Python3;
   `Python3 pathlib <https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/pathlib.html#module-pathlib>`_

.. [PATHVAR] PATH VARIABLE;
   `PATH_VAR@Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(variable)>`_

.. [PEP428]  -- The pathlib module -- object-oriented filesystem paths;
   Antoine Pitrou <solipsis at pitrou.net>;
   Python-Version:   3.4
   30-July-2012;
   `Python.org <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0428/>`_

.. [PEP471]   os.scandir() function -- a better and faster directory iterator;
   Ben Hoyt <benhoyt at gmail.com>;
   Python-Version:   3.5
   330-May-2014;
   `Python.org <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0471/>`_

.. [PEP519]  -- Adding a file system path protocol;
   Brett Cannon <brett at python.org>, Koos Zevenhoven <k7hoven at gmail.com>
   Python-Version:   3.6
   11-May-2016;
   `Python.oorg <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0519/>`_

.. [POSIX] IEEE Std 1003.1(TM), 2013 Edition;
   `The Opengroup <http://www.opengroup.org>`_

.. [posixpath] lib/posixpath - *posixpath;
   `Python2 posixpath <https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/posixpath.html#>`_,
   `Python3 posixpath <https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/posixpath.html#>`_

.. [pysourceinfo] pysourceinfo;
   Arno-Can Uestuensoez `@Ingenieurbuero Arno-Can Uestuensoez <https://arnocan.wordpress.com>`_;
   2010,2011,2015-2017;
   `PyPI <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pysourceinfo/>`_;
   `GitHub <https://github.com/ArnoCan/pysourceinfo/>`_;
   `docs @pythonhosted.org/pysourceinfo <https://pythonhosted.org/pysourceinfo/>`_

.. [RFC] RFC Request for Confimation;
   `RFCs@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html>`_;

.. [RFC1035] DOMAIN NAMES - IMPLEMENTATION AND SPECIFICATION;
   `RFC1035@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1035>`_,

.. [RFC1123] Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Application and Support;
   `RFC1123@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1123>`_,

.. [RFC1630] Universal Resource Identifiers in WWW;
   `RFC1630@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1630>`_,

.. [RFC1738] Uniform Resource Locators (URL);
   `RFC1738@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1738>`_,

.. [RFC1808] Relative Uniform Resource Locators;
   `RFC1808@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1808>`_,

.. [RFC1959] An LDAP URL Format;
   `RFC1959@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1959>`_,

.. [RFC2141] URN Syntax;
   `RFC2141@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2141>`_,

.. [RFC2224] NFS URL Scheme;
   `RFC2224@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2224>`_,

.. [RFC2255] An LDAP URL Format;
   `RFC2255@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2255>`_,

.. [RFC2279] UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646;
   `RFC2279@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2279>`_,

.. [RFC2396] Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax;
   `RFC2396@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2396>`_,

.. [RFC2397] The "data" URL scheme;
   `RFC2397@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2397>`_,

.. [RFC2648] A URN Namespace for IETF Documents;
   `RFC2648@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2648>`_,

.. [RFC3061] A URN Namespace of Object Identifiers;
   `RFC3061@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3061>`_,

.. [RFC3305] Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs), URLs, and Uniform Resource Names (URNs): Clarifications and Recommendations;
   `RFC3305@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3305>`_,

.. [RFC3492] Punycode: A Bootstring encoding of Unicode for Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA);
   `RFC3492@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492>`_,

.. [RFC3530] Network File System (NFS) version 4 Protocol;
   `RFC3530@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3530>`_,

.. [RFC3617] Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Scheme and Applicability Statement for the Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP);
   `RFC3617@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3617>`_,

.. [RFC3986] Uniform Resource Identifier - URI: Generic Syntax;
   `RFC3986@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986>`_,

.. [RFC3987] Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs);
   `RFC3987@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3987>`_,

.. [RFC4088] Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Scheme for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP);
   `RFC4088@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4088>`_,

.. [RFC4122] A Universally Unique IDentifier (UUID) URN Namespace;
   `RFC4122@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122>`_,

.. [RFC4291] IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture;
   `RFC4291@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4291>`_,

.. [RFC5122] Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) and Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) for the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP);
   `RFC5122@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5122>`_,

.. [RFC5234] URIRFC 5234 - Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF;
   `RFC5234@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234>`_,

.. [RFC5781] The rsync URI Scheme;
   `RFC5781@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5781>`_,

.. [RFC6570] URI Template;
   `RFC6570@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6520>`_,

.. [RFC7320] URI Design and Ownership;
   `RFC7320@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7320>`_

.. [RFC7595] URI Design and Ownership;
   `RFC7595@IETF <http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc7595.html>`_;
   `RFC7595@IETF <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc7595/?include_text=1>`_;

.. [RFC7869] The "vnc" URI Scheme;
   `RFC7869@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7869>`_

.. [RFC8089] The "file" URI Scheme;
   2017;
   `RFC8089@IETF <http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8089>`_

.. [RFCSSHURI] Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Scheme for Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) and Secure Shell (SSH);
   2006;
   `RFCSSHURI@IETF <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-secsh-scp-sftp-ssh-uri/>`_

.. [SAMBA] Samba - opening windows to a wider world;
   `Samba <https://www.samba.org>`_

.. [SMBCIFS] Microsoft SMB Protocol and CIFS Protocol  @ `<https://technet.microsoft.com>`_;
   `SMB Protocol and CIFS Protocol Overview <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365233%28v=vs.85%29.aspx>`_

.. [SMBURI] SMB File Sharing URI Scheme;
   `SMB File Sharing URI Scheme <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-crhertel-smb-url>`_

.. [syscalls] syscalls;
   Arno-Can Uestuensoez `@Ingenieurbuero Arno-Can Uestuensoez <https://arnocan.wordpress.com>`_;
   2017;
   `PyPI <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/syscalls/>`_;
   `GitHub <https://github.com/ArnoCan/syscalls/>`_;
   `docs @pythonhosted.org/syscalls <https://pythonhosted.org/syscalls/>`_

.. [URISCHEME] The file URI Scheme - draft-kerwin-file-scheme-13; IETF;
   `URI Scheme@IETF <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-kerwin-file-scheme>`_

.. [UNC] UNC: Common definition in [MS-DTYP]_ Windows Data Types - Chap. 2.2.57 UNC; Microsoft Inc.;
   `UNC@Microsoft <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc230273.aspx>`_

.. [URLPARSING] Living Standard — Last Updated 27 November 2017 - 4.4. URL parsing;
   `URL Specification - Living Standard@whatwg.org <https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#url-parsing>`_

.. [URLVALIDATOR] W3C Link Checker;
   `URL-VALIDATOR@W3C <https://validator.w3.org/checklink>`_

.. [xkcd] Profile Info;
   Randall Munroe;
   `xkcd.com <http://xkcd.com>`_ ;
   `Profile Info <http://xkcd.com/1303/>`_

.. [VIRTUALBOX] VirtualBox;
   `VirtualBox.org <https://www.VirtualBox.org>`_

.. [WikiHansReiser] Hans Reiser;
   `Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Reiser>`_

.. [WikiMiriamDavenport] Miriam Davenport or Miriam Davenport Ebel;
   `Miriam Davenport @Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriam_Davenport>`_

.. [WikiPath] From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - Path (computing);
   `Path@Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_%28computing%29>`_